Turnout: The Foundation of Ballet Technique

Turnout is a fundamental aspect of ballet technique, referring to the external rotation of the legs from the hips down to the feet. This outward rotation enables dancers to move gracefully, jump with ease, land beautifully, and maintain an open stance toward the audience. While often misunderstood, turnout is crucial for executing complex steps and achieving the desired aesthetic in classical ballet. The turnout helps to create the stunning lines and dynamics that set ballet apart.

Understanding Turnout

Turnout originates primarily from the hip joint, with some contribution from the knees and ankles. The hip joint, being a ball and socket joint, is the joint in the leg that has the most available range of motion. The International Association of Dance Medicine & Science suggests that about 60% of turnout comes from the hips. It's important to note that a perfect 180-degree turnout is rare, and each dancer's anatomical structure determines their individual turnout potential.

Benefits of Proper Turnout

1. Enhanced movement range for kicks, jumps and turns

2. Improved stability and muscle activation

3. Ability to perform complex steps and batterie

4. Elegant leg extensions without hip displacement

Individual Turnout

Turnout is different for each dancer. The hip's anatomy is what determines the amount of turnout that a dancer will display. Many dancers will try to force a turnout by stressing the ankle and knee, which can lead to injuries and poor alignment. It's crucial to work within one's anatomical limitations and focus on utilizing available turnout effectively. At To The Pointe, each dancer's assessment will include an anatomical assessment of the hip to determine the range of motion available, followed by a functional assessment of the turnout to ensure proper utilization of the available motion.

Improving Turnout Safely

1. Strengthening turnout muscles

2. Developing proper movement patterns

3. Gradually increasing flexibility

We can assess their passive and active turnout to evaluate their potential for enhancement. For instance, if a dancer exhibits 152 degrees of total passive turnout but utilizes only 138 degrees actively, there is an opportunity for a 14-degree improvement, and you will receive a tailored exercise program to achieve this.

Remember, the goal is not necessarily to achieve a full 180-degree turnout but rather to optimize each dancer's individual potential while maintaining proper technique and preventing injuries.

By understanding the mechanics of turnout and approaching its development with patience, anatomical expertise, and proper technique, dancers can enhance their performance and extend their careers while minimizing the risk of injury.